TSUNAMI

Tsunami
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Simulation of Tsunami in December 2004
Figure Tsunami by Hokusai, a Japanese painter of the 19th century.
The tsunami that struck Malé, Maldives on December 26, 2004

Tsunami (Japanese: 津 波; tsu = port, nami = wave, which literally means "big waves in the harbor") is the displacement of water bodies caused by changes in sea surface vertically with a sudden. Sea level changes can be caused by an earthquake centered under the sea, volcanic eruption under the sea, underwater landslides, or or a meteor hit the ocean. Tsunami waves can travel in all directions. Energy contained in the tsunami wave is fixed to the height and kelajuannya function. In the deep ocean, tsunami waves can travel at the speed of 500-1000 km per hour. Equivalent to the speed of the aircraft. Wave height at sea in only about 1 meter. Thus, the wave speed is not felt by the ship which was in the middle of the sea. When they approached the shore, the tsunami wave velocity decreases to about 30 km per hour, but the height was increased to reach tens of meters. Tsunami waves can blow into to tens of kilometers of shoreline. Damage and casualties that could occur due to the tsunami resulting from the impact of water and materials carried by the flow of tsunami waves.

The negative impact caused by tsunamis are damaging anything in its path. Buildings, plants, and resulted in human casualties and causing puddles, salt water contamination of agricultural land, soil, and clean water.

Greek historian Thucydides called the first person to associate the earthquake-tsunami with others. But until the 20th century, knowledge about the cause of the tsunami is still very minimal. Research continues to be done to understand the causes of tsunamis.

Texts geology, geography, and oceanography in the past called tsunamis as "seismic sea waves".

Some meteorological conditions, such as tropical cyclones, storm surge could cause the so-called meteotsunami a height several feet above normal sea waves. When the storm reaches land, its shape can resemble a tsunami, although it was not a tsunami. Wave could inundate the land. This storm surge had flooded the Burmese (Myanmar) in May 2008.

Region around the Pacific Ocean has a Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (PTWC) issued a warning that if there is a threat of tsunami in this region. Region around the Indian Ocean are building the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System (IOTWS), which will be based in Indonesia.

Historical evidence shows that megatsunami possible, which caused some islands to sink